One notable U.S. Secretary of State in Black history is Colin Powell. He became the first African American to hold the position when he was appointed by President George W. Bush in 2001. Powell's distinguished career also includes serving as a four-star general in the United States Army, where he became the first African American to serve as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. As Secretary of State, Powell played a key role in shaping U.S. foreign policy during a critical time, including the response to the September 11 terrorist attacks and the invasion of Iraq. His tenure is remembered for his efforts to build international coalitions and promote diplomacy.